While a heliport may have a circular layout, there is still a distinct approach and departure path. However, these paths are not as clearly defined as the runway paths found at airports. Both the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) suggest marking an “H” in the center of the touchdown lift-off (TLOF) area. Another crucial element is an information box, which specifies the maximum size of helicopters permitted on the heliport. This determination is based on the overall length and diameter of the helicopters.

Markings and Lights

Heliports commonly feature various markings, including arrows indicating the approach/departure path, radio frequency, magnetic north, and the company logo. If a heliport operates at night, it requires installed lighting. Among these lights are:

  • Heliport perimeter lights, which are flush with the ground on the TLOF area and typically emit a standard green color. These lights must not exceed a height of 2 inches to prevent obstruction that could affect helicopters.
  • Floodlights, another type of light permissible for use, must not interfere with heliport lights and should be turned off during touchdown or lift-off. These lights are primarily utilized for nighttime ground operations.
  • A windsock is a mandatory feature around a heliport to provide information on wind speed and direction.
  • HAPI and PAPI, guidance systems aiding pilots in determining the appropriate altitude for a proper landing, are also essential components.

For the helicopter to land and take off safely, it must navigate the approach and departure paths without encountering any obstructions. Consequently, the FAA recommends incorporating two distinct approach and departure paths. This ensures that the pilot consistently has an unobstructed route available. The suggested configuration involves placing these two paths at a 135-degree separation from each other.

 

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